General formulas of analyzing powers in nuclear reactions are derived in a model-independent way, decomposing the analyzing powers by the rank of tensors in the spin space by the invariant-amplitude method. The validity of the formulas is examined in low energy reactions, the 3He(d,p)4He reaction at the 430-keV resonance and 1H(d,γ)3He reactions at energies below 80 keV, for which the formulas reproduce experimental data very well. The analyses clarify the following. The former reaction occurs mainly due to tensor interactions with incident S waves while P wave corrections by spin-orbit interactions have indispensable contributions to the analyzing powers. The data of the latter reaction are explained by the vector transition amplitudes in the spin space. The formulas predict the angular distribution of the analyzing power Tkq (k=even) to be similar to Pkq(cosθ) for incident S waves when Q values are finite.
C60, pp034607-1～12
